Popcorn Lung: What is it? What Causes it? Why You Should be Concerned
Popcorn Lung: An Overview
Popcorn lung, medically known as bronchiolitis obliterans, is a rare respiratory condition affecting the bronchioles, the smallest airways in your lungs. The bronchioles become inflamed, damaged, and then scarred due to inhaling toxic substances or from infections.
Origin of the Name
The term “popcorn lung” originated when researchers first identified the disease among workers in a microwave popcorn factory. The workers had inhaled diacetyl; a flavoring chemical used to give popcorn its buttery taste. This chemical has also been found in the liquid of electronic cigarettes or vapes.
Causes
Popcorn lung can occur due to exposure to certain toxic substances in the air, often used in some types of manufacturing and found in vapes and e-cigarettes. These substances include acetaldehyde, ammonia, chlorine, diacetyl, formaldehyde, fumes from metal oxides, hydrochloric acid, mustard gas or sulfur mustard, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide.
Certain medical conditions and situations can also lead to the development of popcorn lung.
Signs and Symptoms
The symptoms of popcorn lung often occur 2 to 8 weeks after illness or exposure to harmful chemicals, particles, or toxic fumes. The common symptoms include:
Coughing, especially during and after exercise. Coughs may sometimes bring up mucus
Shortness of breath (dyspnea), especially during and after exercise
Wheezing
Tiredness
Fever
Night sweats
Other symptoms may include flu-like illness with fever, unexplained fatigue, weight loss, wheezing, and eye, skin, mouth, or nose irritation
These symptoms often occur regularly and are not episodic like asthma symptoms.
Popcorn lung is a rare disorder, but it can happen to anyone since it results from an infection or exposure to certain substances. It’s important to be aware of the potential risks, especially for those who are exposed to the associated toxic substances found in vapes. If you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, especially if they worsen or you experience difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, chest pain, or dizziness, seek immediate medical attention.
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